Pacific Industrial Property Association - translation to russian
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Pacific Industrial Property Association - translation to russian

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY APPLIED TO INDUSTRY
Industrial property law

Pacific Industrial Property Association      
Тихоокеанская ассоциация по промышленной собственности
International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property         
NON-PROFIT INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
AIPPI; Association Internationale pour la Protection de la Propriété Intellectuelle; Association Internationale pour la Protection de la Propriete Intellectuelle; International Association for the Protection of Industrial Property; A.I.P.P.I.; Aippi.org
Международная ассоциация по охране промышленной собственности
Pacific ocean         
  • url=https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASNC255HSNBZULZU00G.html}}</ref>
  • Picture of the Pacific Ocean, taken from space by the [[Apollo 11]] crew in July 1969
  • Map showing the migration of the [[Austronesian peoples]]
  • Impact of [[El Niño]] and [[La Niña]] on North America
  • Austronesian vessel]] with a double-canoe ([[catamaran]]) hull and a [[crab claw sail]]
  • thunderclouds]] are also visible.
  • [[Marine debris]] on a [[Hawaii]]an coast in 2008
  • [[Mount St. Helens]] in [[Skamania County, Washington]], U.S. in 2020
  • date=July 11, 2013}}</ref>
  • The island geography of the Pacific Ocean Basin
  • The regions, island nations, and territories of [[Oceania]]
  • A [[Ring of Fire]]; the Pacific is ringed by many volcanoes and [[oceanic trench]]es.
  • [[Tarawa Atoll]] in [[Kiribati]]
  • Sunset in [[Monterey County, California]], U.S.
  • [[Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars]] taking over [[Tahiti]] on 9 September 1842
  • Trieste]]'' before her record dive to the bottom of the [[Mariana Trench]], 23 January 1960
  • [[Typhoon Tip]] at global peak intensity on 12 October 1979
  • A [[stratovolcano]] in [[Ulawun]] on the island of [[New Britain]] in [[Papua New Guinea]]
  • ''Universalis Cosmographia'', also known as the [[Waldseemüller map]], dated 1507, was the first map to show the [[Americas]] separating two distinct oceans. South America was generally considered the [[New World]] and shows the name "America" for the first time, after [[Amerigo Vespucci]]
OCEAN BETWEEN ASIA, AUSTRALIA AND THE AMERICAS
Pacific; Pacific ocean; The Pacific; Pacific Oceans; Southwest Pacific; Pacific (ocean); East Pacific; West Pacific; South Pacific Ocean; Pacific basin; Western Pacific Ocean; The Pacific Ocean; Pacific Region; Eastern Pacific Ocean; Oceanum pacificum; North Pacific Ocean; Mid-Pacific; Pacific Basin; The South Pacific; Eastern Pacific; North Pacific ocean; South pacific; North Pacific; Pacific region; Southern Pacific Ocean; PAcific; Great South Sea; Sea of Magellan; South Pacific (film); North Pacific fisheries; South-Western Pacific; South-western Pacific; South Pacific (album); Environmental issues in the Pacific Ocean; Northern Pacific Ocean; Northwest Pacific; The Mid-Pacific; Prashant Mahasagar; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific Ocean; Northwest Pacific Ocean; Northeast Pacific Ocean; Southeast Pacific Ocean; Southeast Pacific; Northeast Pacific; History of the Pacific Ocean
Тихий океан

Definition

Международная фонетическая ассоциация
(МФА; International Phonetic Association)

международная научная организация, ставящая своей целью развитие фонетики (См. Фонетика) и различных практических её приложений, в частности распространение фонетического метода преподавания иностранных языков. Основана в Париже (1886) как Фонетическая ассоциация преподавателей живых языков (переименована в 1897). Одна из центральных задач МФА - пропаганда наиболее распространённого из всех существующих международного фонетического алфавита (принят во всех пособиях по фонетике западноевропейских языков), созданного в 1888 и пересмотренного в последний раз в 1951. МФА издаёт журнал "Le Maître Phonétique" (1886-), в котором публикуются транскрибированные тексты на различных языках мира и статьи по общей и частной фонетике, а также приложения к журналу - брошюры с разнообразной фонетической тематикой. Например, в 1911 вышел очерк русского произношения Л. В. Щербы, в котором впервые было дано определение фонемы как смыслоразличительной звуковой единицы. Высший орган МФА - Совет из представителей 15 стран (1970); президент - С. К. Чаттерджи (Индия), секретарь - А. К. Гимсон (Англия). Штаб-квартира МФА - в Лондоне. Рабочие языки - французский и английский.

Лит.: The Principles of the International Phonetic Association, L., 1949.

Л. Р. Зиндер.

Wikipedia

Industrial property

Industrial property is one of two subsets of intellectual property (the other being copyright), it takes a range of forms, including patents for inventions, industrial designs (aesthetic creations related to the appearance of industrial products), trademarks, service marks, layout-designs of integrated circuits, commercial names and designations, geographical indications and protection against unfair competition. In some cases, aspects of an intellectual creation, although present, are less clearly defined. The object of industrial property consists of signs conveying information, in particular to consumers, regarding products and services offered on the market. Protection is directed against unauthorized use of such signs that could mislead consumers, and against misleading practices in general.

The broad application of the term “industrial property” is set out in the Paris Convention, Industrial property legislation is part of the wider body of law known as intellectual property (IP) which refers broadly to the creations of the human mind. IP rights protect the interests of innovators and creators by giving them rights over their creations. The Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization (1967) does not seek to define intellectual property, but lists the following as protected by IP rights: literary, artistic and scientific works; performances of performing artists, phonograms and broadcasts; inventions in all fields of human endeavor; scientific discoveries; industrial designs; trademarks, service marks, and commercial names and designations; protection against unfair competition; “all other rights resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary or artistic fields”.

Countries generally have laws to protect IP for two main reasons:

  1. To give statutory expression to the rights of creators and innovators in their creations and innovations, balanced against the public interest in accessing creations and innovations;
  2. To promote creativity and innovation, so contributing to economic and social development.
What is the Russian for Pacific Industrial Property Association? Translation of &#39Pacific Industri